What voltage ratings are electric hot water tanks typically designed for?

Electric hot water tanks are typically designed to operate at voltage ratings of 120 volts or 240 volts. This is due to the common electrical systems in residential settings, where these voltage levels are standard for appliances, including water heaters.

Using 120 volts allows for a lower power demand and is often found in smaller, point-of-use heaters. On the other hand, 240 volts is more prevalent for larger storage tanks and residential water heaters because it provides a higher power supply, enabling quicker heating times and more efficient operation when supplying hot water for multiple fixtures.

The other options present voltage ratings that are either outdated or not standard in most residential electrical systems. For example, 110 volts or 220 volts are older conventions that are not commonly referenced today. Likewise, 230 volts and 410 volts are not typical for standard residential water heating applications, with 410 volts being especially unusual and not suitable for domestic use.